Statins lowers risk of advanced prostate cancer
There is one more reason to take cholesterol lowering statin drugs now. A new study has shown that use of such cholesterol-lowering drugs may reduce the risk of advanced prostate cancer. These results come from a study presented at American Association for Cancer Research. The study followed 34,428 U.S. men for more than a decade and came up with the above conclusion.
This study has found that men who used cholesterol lowering drugs had half the risk of advanced prostate cancer and a third of the risk of metastatic or fatal prostate cancer, compared to men who did not use these. Risk of advanced prostate cancer fell with increasing duration of use of the drugs. The study did not find that use of cholesterol-lowering drugs had any influence on prostate cancer that is confined within the organ.
But while the researchers, from Johns Hopkins University, the National Cancer Institute and Harvard University, say that the degree of the inverse association between use of cholesterol lowering drugs and advanced prostate cancer is impressive, they stress that confirmatory studies are needed.
"This is a very interesting and promising lead on a class of drugs that may be offering benefits that were not anticipated, but we need to replicate the findings in other large prospective studies as well as figure out the mechanisms at work," says lead investigator Elizabeth Platz, Sc.D., M.P.H., an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
"If the conclusions continue to hold up over time, there is great translational potential for preventing invasive and metastatic prostate cancer," she says. The researchers believe most of the protective effect they observed comes from statins, rather than other types of cholesterol-lowering drugs, because by 2000 more than 90 percent of the men who reported that they were using cholesterol-lowering drugs said that they were using statins, in particular. The researchers also say they don't know whether the apparent benefit of statins is due to their cholesterol-lowering effect or their other properties, such as their anti-inflammatory activity or their effects on post-translational modification of proteins.
The work was conducted in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, an ongoing, large prospective cohort study that began at the Harvard School of Public Health in 1986. The few other studies that have looked at use of statins and development of prostate cancer have shown mixed results.
This study is unique, Platz says, because of its size, that the use of the drugs was determined before the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and because it examined associations based on stage of the disease. All of the 34,438 participants were free of a prostate cancer diagnosis in 1990, but by 2000, 2,074 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Of these, 283 were advanced, and within this subgroup, 206 were metastatic or fatal.
"We are excited by these initial findings, which may motivate more basic, clinical, and epidemiologic research into what appears to be a very promising area for prostate cancer," Platz says.
At this point it is worth mentioning that a paper presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting 2004 demonstrated a 46% reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer. This was a case control study from Israel and was presented at the plenary session of the meeting by Jenny Poynter. This suggests that use of statins may be associated with protective effects in many cancers including colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer.
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